Root canal treatment is an endodontic procedure that removes infected or damaged tissue from inside a tooth, eliminates the source of pain, and seals the tooth to prevent future infection, all while keeping the natural tooth intact. The American Association of Endodontists reports that more than 15 million root canals are performed in the United States each year. It's one of the most common procedures in dentistry.
The pulp inside a tooth can become infected or damaged from deep decay, a cracked tooth, repeated dental procedures on the same tooth, or a traumatic injury. When that happens, the pulp needs to come out. Left untreated, infection spreads, surrounding bone is damaged, and extraction becomes more likely over time. Root canal treatment stops that process and saves the tooth.
Despite its reputation, root canal treatment doesn't cause pain. It relieves it. Modern anesthesia, high-magnification microscopy, and 3D imaging have made the procedure more comfortable and more precise than ever before.